Examining Factors Influencing Students’ Satisfaction and Engagement with Flipped Classroom in Private Universities in Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province, China
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.14456/abacodijournal.2024.16Keywords:
flipped classroom, student satisfaction, student engagement, private universities, ChinaAbstract
This research paper aims to investigate the factors influencing student satisfaction and engagement in the use of flipped classroom in private universities in Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province. The conceptual framework proposes a causal relationship between perceived quality, perceived value, student interactions, teaching process, instructional content, student satisfaction, and student engagement. The researcher used a structured questionnaire distributed to 500 students from Zhaoqing, Guangdong Province, including first-year students, sophomores, and juniors. Structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis were used to analyze the data, including model matching, reliability, and structure validation. The results of the analysis showed that perceived quality, perceived value, teaching process, and student interaction had a significant effect on student satisfaction. Student satisfaction has a very strong positive and significant impact on student engagement, while educational content had little effect on the usage of flipped classroom by the students. Through structural equation model data analysis, it was found that the teaching process has the greatest impact on student satisfaction and involvement in the flipped classroom, as well as subsequent interaction with the students, value, and perceived quality. Six of the seven hypotheses have been accepted. Therefore, it is recommended that the management team and teachers of private universities provide assessments to measure the development plan of the flipped classroom teaching model of the influencers to learn engagement.
References
Adebiyi, M. E., Hassan, Y. A., Hansbourgh, C., & Edginton, C. R. (2017). Values attached to educational goals, study processes, and educational motivation. Journal of Education and Development, 1(1), 48. https://doi.org/10.20849/jed.v1i1.252
Adhi Nugroho, M., Setyorini, D., & Tiara Novitasari, B. (2019). The role of satisfaction on perceived value and e-learning usage continuity relationship. Procedia Computer Science, 161, 82-89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2019.11.102
Akoglu, H. E., & Özbek, O. (2022). The effect of brand experiences on brand loyalty through perceived quality and brand trust: a study on sports consumers. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 34(10), 2130-2148.
https://doi.org/10.1108/APJML-05-2021-0333
Alhaddad, A. (2015). Perceived quality, brand image and brand trust as determinants of brand loyalty. Journal of Research in Business and Management, 3(4), 1-8.
Alhazmi, A. (2015). Student satisfaction among learners: Illustration by Jazan University students. Journal of Education and Human Development, 4(2), 205-212. https://doi.org/10.15640/jehd.v4n2_1a20
Antes, A. L. (2014). A systematic approach to instruction in research ethics. Accountability in Research, 21, 50-67. https://doi.org/10.1080/08989621.2013.822269
Arbuckle, J. L. (1995). AMOS for Windows Analysis of Moment Structures (3rd ed.). Small Waters Corp
Ariani, D. W. (2015). Relationship model of personality, communication, student engagement, and learning satisfaction. Business, Management and Education, 13(2), 175. https://doi.org/10.3846/bme.2015.297
Banu Kenayathulla, H., & Ikram, M. (2022). A systematic literature review of student satisfaction: What is next?. International Journal of Advanced Research in Education and Society, 4(4), 50-75.
Barbera, E., Clarà, M., & Linder-Vanberschot, J. A. (2013). Factors influencing student satisfaction and perceived learning in online courses. E-learning and Digital Media, 10(3), 226-235. https://doi.org/10.2304/elea.2013.10.3.226
Berisha-Shaqiri, A. (2015). Impact of information technology and internet in businesses. Academic Journal of Business, Administration, Law and Social Sciences, 1(1), 73-78.
Boksberger, P. E., & Melsen, L. (2011). Perceived value: a critical examination of definitions, concepts, and measures for the service industry. Journal of Services Marketing, 25(3), 229-240. https://doi.org/10.1108/08876041111129209
Browne, M. W., & Cudeck, R. (1993). Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In K. A. Bollen, & J. S. Long (Eds.). Testing structural equation models (pp.136-162). SAGE Publication, Inc.
Calisir, F., Bayraktaroglu, A. E., Gumussoy, C. A., & Kaya, B. (2014). Effects of service quality dimensions including usability on perceived overall quality, customer satisfaction, and return intention in different hospital types. International Journal of Advanced Operations Management, 6(4), 309-323. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijaom.2014.066829
Chan, C. S., & Shek, K. F. (2021). Are Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Bay area cities attractive to university students in Hong Kong? Leading the potential human capital from image perception to locational decisions. Journal of Place Management and Development, 14(4), 404-429. https://doi.org/10.1108/jpmd-04-2020-0032
Chen, H. H. (2017). Analysis on the influencing factors of college students' online course learning satisfaction - based on the survey of several universities in Nanjing (1st ed.). Nanjing: Nanjing Normal University.
Chi, Y. (2015). A survey on students' satisfaction in flipped classroom. Exploration of Higher Education, 6, 85-89.
Croxton, R. A. (2014). The role of interactivity in student satisfaction and persistence in online learning. Journal of online learning and teaching, 10(2), 314.
Dayton, A. E. (2015). Assessing the teaching of writing: Twenty-first century trends and technologies (1st ed.). University Press of Colorado.
Djakasaputra, A., Pramono, R., & Hulu, E. (2021). Brand image, perceived quality, ease of use, trust, price, service quality on customer satisfaction and purchase intention of blibli website with digital technology as dummy variable in the use of eviews. Journal of critical reviews, 1(2), 1-14.
Fei, Q. Y., & Yu, X. Y. (2021). A study on the influencing factors of teaching satisfaction of ideological and political course in colleges and universities from the perspective of intersubjectivity) -an empirical analysis based on structural equation model. Ideological and political course research, 1(9), 11-17.
Fiorini, S., Liu, T., Shepard, L., & Ouimet, J. (2014). Using NSSE to understand student success: a multi-year analysis (1st ed.). In annual conference of the Indiana Association for Institutional Research, Indianapolis.
Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error: Algebra and statistics. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(3), 382-388. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378101800313
Gallart-Camahort, V., Fiol, L. C., & Sánchez García, J. (2022). Influence of the internet on retailer’s perceived quality in the generation of retailer’s brand equity. The Journal of Business Perspective, 27(1). 33-47. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972262921992212
Gray, J. A., & DiLoreto, M. (2016). The effects of student engagement, student satisfaction, and perceived learning in online learning environments. NCPEA International Journal of Educational Leadership Preparation, 11(1), 1-20.
Guo, J. (2020). An empirical analysis of online teaching satisfaction and its influencing factors during the epidemic: A case study of Anhui Xinhua University. Journal of Suzhou Institute of Education, 23, 75-78.
Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L., & Black, W. C. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7th ed.). Prentice Hall.
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2006). Multivariant Data Analysis (6th ed.). Pearson International Edition.
Hanif, M., Hafeez, S., & Riaz, A. (2010). Factors affecting customer satisfaction. International research journal of finance and economics, 60(1), 44-52.
He, L. K. (2014). From the essence of flipped classroom, look at the future development of flipped classroom in our country. Research on visual education, 7, 5-16.
Hollenbeck, C. R., Mason, C. H., & Song, J. H. (2011). Enhancing student learning in marketing courses:An exploration of fundamental principles for website platforms. Journal of Marketing Education, 33(2), 171-182.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0273475311410850
Holman, D. K. (2013). Evaluation of student engagement assessment in Colorado state university's warner college of natural resources. Mountain Scholar, 1, 1-214.
Hu, Z. X. (2011). Construction and empirical Study of the mean structure model of higher education service quality. Fudan Education Forum, 9(3), 27-32.
Kanwar, A., & Sanjeeva, M. (2022). Student satisfaction survey: a key for quality improvement in the higher education institution. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 11(27), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-022-00196-6
Kuo, Y. F., & Feng, L. H. (2013). Relationships among community interaction characteristics, perceived benefits, community commitment, and oppositional brand loyalty in online brand communities. International Journal of Information Management, 33, 948-962. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2013.08.005
Lewis, A. D., Huebner, E. S., Malone, P. S., & Valois, R. F. (2011). Life satisfaction and student engagement in adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 40(3), 249-262. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-010-9517-6
Li, Y. Y., Zhang, H. M., & Zhang, H. Z. (2020). Construction and empirical test of online learning satisfaction model of college students during the epidemic: Based on the survey of 15 universities in Shanghai. Open Education Research, 26, 102-111.
Mbango, P. (2019). The role of perceived value in promoting customer satisfaction: Antecedents and consequences. Cogent Social Sciences, 5(1), 1684229.
https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2019.1684229
Min, Y., Huang, J., Varghese, M. M., & Jaruwanakul, T. (2022). Analysis of factors affecting art major students’ behavioral intention of online education in public universities in Chengdu. AU-GSB E-JOURNAL, 15(2), 150-158.
https://doi.org/10.14456/augsbejr.2022.80
Miremadi, A. (2013). Perceived value, image, customer expectations, customer loyalty, hotel industry. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 3(9), 245-272.
Mohd, C. K. N. C. K., Shahbodin, F., Pee, A. N. C., & Hanapi, C. (2013). Personalized learning environment (ple) approach: Preliminary analysis in malaysian’s secondary school. International Journal of Computer and Information Technology, 2(03), 2279-0764. https://doi.org/10.1109/ic3e.2013.6735970
Nguyen, T. T. H. (2021). The effect of brand image, perceived quality and brand experience on customer loyalty: an empirical investigation in the telecommunication industry in Vietnam. Journal of International Economics and Management, 20(3), 60-74. https://doi.org/10.38203/jiem.020.3.0016
Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). McGraw-Hill.
Parahoo, S. K., & Tamim, R. M. (2012). Determinants of student satisfaction in higher education: an empirical study in Dubai. International Journal of Services, Economics and Management, 4(4), 282-297.
Parahoo, S. K., Santally, M. I., Rajabalee, Y., & Harvey, H. L. (2015). Designing a predictive model of student satisfaction in online learning. Journal of Marketing for Higher Education, 1(2), 1540-7144.
Reinstein, A., Hasselback, J. R., Riley, M. E., & Sinason, D. H. (2011). Pitfalls of using citation indices for making academic accounting promotion, tenure, teaching load, and merit pay decisions. Issues in Accounting Education, 26(1), 99-131. https://doi.org/10.2308/iace.2011.26.1.99
Rizfia Fachrudin, K., & Amalia Fachrudin, K. (2016). The influence of education and experience toward investment decision with moderated by financial literacy. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 14(2), 51-60.
Sahuddin, A., Nurtaat, L., & Fadjri, M. (2022). Student-student interaction in online learning during the covid-19 pandemic: A case study. Education Quarterly Reviews, 5(2), 180-191. https://doi.org/10.31014/aior.1993.05.02.479
Samudro, A., Sumarwan, U., Simanjuntak, M., & Yusuf, E. (2020). Assessing the effects of perceived quality and perceived value on customer satisfaction. Management Science Letters, 10(5), 1077-1084.
Sayed Munna, A., & Abul Kalam, M. (2021). Teaching and learning process to enhance teaching effectiveness: a literature review. International Journal of Humanities and Innovation (IJHI), 4(1), 1-4.
Shen, Z. H., & Wu, D. G. (2020). Study on the influencing factors of college students' online learning effectiveness and satisfaction: An empirical analysis based on structural equation model. Educational Development Research, 40, 25-36,
Sirelkhatim, F., & Gangi, Y. (2015). Entrepreneurship education: A systematic literature review of curricula contents and teaching methods. Cogent Business & Management, 2(1), 1052034. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2015.1052034
Stylidis, K., Wickman, C., & Soderberg, R. (2018). Perceived quality of products: a framework and attributes ranking method. Journal of Engineering Design, 31(1), 37-67.
Sumaedi, S., & Bakti, G. M. Y. (2011). The students perceived quality comparison of ISO 9001 and Non-ISO 9001 certified school: an empirical evaluation. International journal of engineering & technology IJETIJENS, 11(1), 104-8.
Sun, H.-L., Sun, T., & Sha, F.-Y. (2022). The influence of teacher–student interaction on the effects of online learning: based on a serial mediating model. Educational Psychology, 13(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.779217
Wang, X. F. (2019). An empirical study on the relationship between distance education students' perceived service quality and satisfaction. Chinese Adult Education, 07, 49-55.
Williams, P., & Sheridan, S. (2010). Conditions for collaborative learning and constructive competition in school. Educational Research, 52(4), 335-350.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00131881.2010.524748
Wolters, C. A., & Hussain, M. (2015). Investigating grit and its relations with college students’ self-regulated learning and academic achievement. Metacognition and Learning, 10(3), 293-311. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11409-014-9128-9
Xiao, M., Tian, Z., & Xu, W. (2023). Impact of teacher-student interaction on students’ classroom well-being under online education environment. Education and Information Technologies, 1(2), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-023-11681-0
Zeng, S. H. (2014). Theoretical implication and practical exploration of "Flipped Classroom". Education Review, 10, 118-120.
Zeng, S. M., Wan, P., Chen, A., & Hu, Z. Y. (2021). Evaluation of experimental teaching process based on modern information technology. Higher Engineering Education Research, 6, 62-67.
Zhang, N. X., & Rao, Y. T. (2014). The challenges and opportunities brought to China by MOOCs (MOOCs) Interview with Zhang Jie, President of Shanghai Jiao Tong University. University (Academic edition), 1, 4-15.
Zhang, Y. G., & Zhang, Y. J. (2012). Perspective on the flipped classroom. Information technology education in primary and secondary schools, 3, 9-10.
Zhu, L. (2016). The Impact of perceived quality and perceived Value on students' satisfaction in Private Vocational training institutions (1st ed.). Shanxi University of Finance and Economics.
