Differences in Corporate Social Responsibility Sensitivity Between Business and STEM Students

Authors

  • Alexander Franco Payap University

Keywords:

Buisness Ethics, Corporate Social Responsiblity, Higher Education, Mexico, STEM

Abstract

Purpose: The prominence of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) within the international business environment has permeated higher education wherein it has been incorporated alongside the study of business ethics in curricula across many majors. This study is unique in the literature of CSR education in that it  sought to determine if CSR sensitivity differed between undergraduate business majors and undergraduates majoring in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). Research Design: A Mexican university was analyzed using demographic and attitudinal variables in a self-administered survey. The results indicated that students with STEM majors showed a higher CSR sensitivity than business majors – a unique finding in CSR literature. Findings: In general, female students had a higher sensitivity to CSR than male students. Students, regardless of their major, with little or no work experience expressed a higher sensitivity to CSR. Finally, year of study was significant in that seniors expressed a higher sensitivity than freshmen. 

References

Amberla, T., Wang, I., Juslin, H., Panwar, R., Hansen, E., & Anderson, R. (2011). Corporate responsibility performance in the forest industries: A comparative analysis of student perceptions in Finland and the USA. Social Responsibility Journal, 7(3), 472-489. https://doi.org/10.1108/17471111111154572

Angelidis, J., & Ibrahim, N., (2004). An exploratory study of the impact of degree of religiousness upon an individual’s corporate social responsivieness orientation. Journal of Business Ethics, 51(2), 119-128. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:BUSI.0000033606.27489.bf

Ankit, A., & El-Sakran, T. (2020). Corporate social responsibility: Reflections on universities in the United States. Leadership Strategies for Promoting Social Responsibility in Higher Education Innovations in Higher Education Teaching and Learning, 24, 15-31. https://doi.org/10.1108/s2055-3641202000000z.4004

Arlow, P. (1991). Personal characteristics in college students’ evaluations of business ethics and corporate social responsibility. Journal of Business Ethics, 10, 63-69. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00383694

Arroyave, F., Dasi, A., & Redondo, A. (2021). Student commitment to social responsibility: Systematic literature review, conceptual model, and instrument. Intangible Capital, 17(1), 52-72. https://doi.org/10.3926/ic.1685

Aupperle, E., Carroll, A., & Hatfield, J. D. (1983). Instrument development and application in corporate social responsibility. Academy of Management Proceeding (August), 369-373. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMBPP.1983.4976378

Avery, G. C., & Bersteiner, H. (2011). Sustainable leadership practices for enhancing business resilience and performance. Strategy and Leadership, 39(3), 5-15. https://doi.org/10.1108/10878571111128766

Balotsky, E. R., & Steingard, D. S. (2006). How teaching business ethics makes a difference: Findings from an ethical learning model. Journal of Business Ethics Education, 3, 5-34. https://doi.org/10.5840/JBEE200632

Barkin, D. (2003). Corporate social responsibility in Mexico: The tyranny of a concept? UNRISD Conference on CSR and Development. Geneva: UNRISD.

Becker-Olsen, K. L., Taylor, C. R., Hill, R. P., & Yalcinkaya, G. (2011). A cross-cultural examination of corporate social responsibility marketing communications and the United States: Strategies for global brand. Journal of International Marketing, 19(2), 30-44. https://doi.org/10.2307/41304393

Behling, O., & Law, K.S. (2000). Translating Questionnaires and Other Research Instruments; Problems and Solutions. SAGE.

Belyeva, Z., Scagnelli, S. D., Thomas, M., & Cisi, M. (2018). Student perceptions of university social responsibility: Implications from an empirical study in France, Italy and Russia. World Review of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 14(1-2), 23-42. https://doi.org/10.1504/WREMSD.2018.089094

Berenyi, L., & Deutsch, N. (2017). Gender differences in attitudes to corporate social responsibility among Hungarian business students. WSEAS Transaction on Business and Economics, 14, 298-310.

Borkowski, S. C., & Ugras, Y. J. (1998). Business students and ethics: A meta-analysis. Journal of Business Ethics 17, 1117-1127.

Brammer, S., Williams, G., & Zinkin, J. (2007). Religion and attitudes to corporate social responsibility in a cross-country sample. Journal of Business Ethics, 71, 229-243. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-006-9136-z

Brown, F. (2000). Environmental performance and trade liberalization in the Mexican textile industry. In R. Jenkins (Ed.), Industry and Environment in Latin America. London: Routledge.

Carroll, A. B., & Brown, J. (2018). Corporate social responsibility: A review of current concepts, research and issues. In Weber, J. & Wasieleski, D. (eds.) Corporate Social Responsibility. Chapter Two, (pp. 39-69). London: Emerald Publishing Co.

Carroll, A. B., & Shabana, K. M. (2010). The business case for corporate social responsibility: A review of concepts, research and practice. International Journal of Management Reviews, 12(1), 85-105. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2370.2009.00275.x

Ceulemans, K., DePrins, M., Cappuyns, D., & Coninck, W. (2011). Integration of sustainable development in higher education’s curricula of applied economics: Large scale assessments, integration strategies and barriers. Journal of Management and Organization, 17(5), 621-640. https://doi.org/10.5172/jmo.2011.17.5.621

Chirieleison, C., & Scrucca, L. (2017). Shaping students’ attitudes towards business ethics and corporate social responsibility: Education versus personal perspectives. Education, 7(5), 83-95. https://doi.org/10.5923/j.edu.20170705.01

Claver-Cortés, E., Marco-Lajara, B., Ubeda-García, M., García-Lillo, F., Rienda-García, L., Zaragoza-Saez, P. C., Andreu-Guerrero, R., Manresa-Marhuenda, E., Seva-Larrosa, P., Rúiz-Fernández, L., Sánchez-García, E., & Poveda-Pareja. E. (2020). Students’ perception of CSR and its influence on business performance. A multiple mediation analysis. Business Ethics: A European Review, 00, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1111/beer.12286

Cowton, C. J., & Cummins, J. (2003). Teaching business ethics in UK higher education: Progress and prospects. Teaching Business Ethics, 7(1), 37-54. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1022665221990

Dahlsrud, A. (2008). How corporate social responsibility is defined. An analysis of 37 definitions. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 15, 1-14. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.132

Danon-Leva, E., Cavico, F. J., & Mujtaba, B. G. (2010). Business ethics: A cross-cultural comparison between Hong Kong and the United States. Journal of Business Studies Quarterly, 1(4), 1-20.

Doh, J. P., & Tashman, P., (2014). Half a world away: The integration and assimilation of corporate social responsibility, sustainability, and sustainable development in business school curricula. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 21(3), 131-142. https://doi.org/csr.1315

Domyei, Z., & Taguchi, T. (2009). Questionnaires in Second Language Research: Construction, Administration, and Processing (2nd ed.). London: Routledge.

Droms-Hatch, C., & Stephen, S. (2015). The effectiveness of social responsibility courses in higher education. Journal of Learning in Higher Education, 11(2), 15-21.

Eweje, G., & Brunton, M. (2010). Ethical perceptions of business students in a New Zealand university: Do gender, age, and work experience matter? Business Ethics: A European Review, 19(1), 95-111. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8608.2009.01581.x

Fitzpatrick, J. (2013). Business students’ perceptions of corporate social responsibility. College Student Journal, 47(1), 86-96.

Fitzpatrick, J., & Cheng, J. (2014). An investigation of United States and Hong Kong business students’ perception of corporate social responsibility. Journal of Academic and Business Ethics, 8(1), 1-20.

Galvao, A., Mendes, L., Marques, C., & Mascarenhas, C. (2019). Factors influencing students’ corporate social responsibility orientation in higher education. Journal of Cleaner Production, 215, 290-304. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.01.059

Gammie, E., & Gammie, B. (2009). The moral awareness of future accounting and business professionals: The implications of a gender divide. Pacific Accounting Review, 21(1), 48-73. https://doi.org/10.1108/01140580910956858

Griffin, P. A., & Sun, E. Y. (2018). Voluntary corporate social responsibility disclosure and religion. Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal, 9(1), 63-94. https://doi.org/10.1108/SAMPJ-02-2017-0014

Hair, J. F., Black, W.C., Babin, B.J., & Anderson, R.E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis: A Global Perspective. Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall International.

Harris, J. R. (1989). Ethical values and decision processes of male and female business students. Journal of Education for Business, 8, 234-238. https://doi.org/10.1080/08832323.1989.10117365

Hulsart, R., & McCarthy, V. (2009). Educator’s role in promoting academic integrity. The Journal for Educational Leadership, 13(4), 49-60.

Ibrahim, N., A., & Angelidis, J. (1993). Corporate social responsibility: A comparative analysis of perceptions of top executives and business students. Mid-Atlantic Journal of Business, 29(3), 203-212.

Ibrahim, N. A., Howard, D. P., & Angelidis, J. P. (2007). The relationship between religiousness and corporate social responsibility orientation: Are there differences between business managers and students? Journal of Business Ethics, 78(1-2), 165-174. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-006-9321-0

International Labour Organization (2014). Informal Employment in Mexico: Current Situation, Policies and Challenges. ILO: Geneva.

International Labour Organization (2018). Employment in Multinational Enterprises in Mexico: Analysis of the Economic Census. ILO: Geneva.

Jazani, N., & Ayoobzadeh, M. (2012). The impact of ethics training course on ethical behaviors of management students. International Business Research, 5(11), 162-168. https://doi.org/10.5539/ibr.v5n11p162

Kidwell, J., Stevens, R., & Bethke, A. (1987). Differences in ethical perceptions between male and female managers: Myth or reality? Journal of Business Ethics, 6(6), 451-457. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-4126-3_16

Kolodinsky, R. W., Madden, T. M., Zisk, D. S., & Henkel, E. T. (2010). Attitudes about corporate social responsibility: Business student predictors. Journal of Business Ethics, 91(2) 167-181. https://doi.org/1-.1007/s10551-009-0075-3

KPMG (2017). International Survey of Corporate Responsibility Reporting. 2017. Amstelveen, Netherland: KPMG International.

Krejcie, R.V., & Morgan, D.W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30, 607-610. https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447003000308

Larrán, M., & Andrades, F. J. (2014). Determinants of corporate social responsibility and business ethics education in Spanish universities. Business Ethics: A European Review, 23(1), 139-153. https://doi.org/ 10.1111/beer.12041

Lawrence, A. T. (2002). The drivers of stakeholder engagement: Reflections on the case of Royal Dutch/Shell. Journal of Corporate Citizenship, 6(Summer), 71-85.

Li, Z., Pomering, A., & Noble, G. (2011). Investigating Chinese and Australian student's awareness and interpretation of CSR, and the influence of studying 'socially innovative commerce' over time. Australian and New Zealand Marketing Academy Conference, pp. 1-8. Perth, Australia: ANZMAC.

Matten, D., & Moon, J. (2008). Implicit and explicit CSR: A conceptual framework for a comparative understanding of corporate social responsibility. Academy of Management Review, 33, 404-424. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMR.2008.31193458

Mazur, B., & Walczyna, A. (2021). Corporate social responsibility in the opinion of Polish foreign students in management program of Lublin University of Technology. Sustainability, 13(333), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13010333

McCarthy, V., Miller, G. J., Cockrell, S.; & Meyer, D. (2017). Establishing an ethic of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in business school students: A comparative study of accounting and non-accounting majors. Journal of Ethical and Legal Issues, 11, 1-13.

Massey, D. S. (1992). Racial identity and the spatial assimilation of Mexicans in the United States. Social Science Research, 21, 235-260. https://doi.org/10.1016/0049-089X(92)9007-4

Mendeş, M., & Akkartal, E. (2010). Comparisons of ANOVA F and Welch tests with their respective permutation versions in terms of type I error rates and test power. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 16(5), 711-716. https://doi.org/10.9775/kvfd.2009.1507

Mercado, A. (2000). Environmental assessment of the Mexican steel industry. In R. Jenkins (Ed.), Industry and Environment in Latin America. London: Routledge.

Moyes, G., & Cortés, A. (2004). Ethical perceptions among Hispanic students: Differences by major and gender. Journal of Education for Business, 80(2), 102-107. https://doi.org/10.3200/JOEB.80.2.102-108

Murphy, M. J. MacDonald, J. B., Antoine, G. E., & Smolarski, J. M. (2019). Exploring Muslim attitudes towards corporate social responsibility: Are Saudis business students different? Journal of Business Ethics, 154(4), 1103-1118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10551-016-3383-4

Ng, E.S., & Burke, R. J. (2010). Predictor of business students’ attitudes toward sustainable business practices. Journal of Business Ethics, 95(4), 603-615. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-010-0442-0

Nicholson, C. Y., & DeMoss M. (2009). Teaching Ethics and Social Responsibility: An Evaluation of Undergraduate Business Education at the Discipline Level. Journal of Education for Business, 84(4), 213-218. https://doi.org/10.3200/JOEB.84.4.213-218

Nieves-Delgado, A. (2020). The face of the Mexican: Race, nation, and criminal identification in Mexico. American Anthropologist, 00(0), 1-13. https//doi.org/10.1111/aman.13383

Nunnally, J., & Berstein, I. (1994). Psychometric Theory. New York: McGraw Hill.

Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2019). Under Pressure: The Squeezed Middle Class. Paris: OECD.

Ozdemir, A. A., & Sarikaya, M. (2009). An analysis of the curricula of business administration departments in Turkish universities with the perspective of civil society awareness. Journal of Education for Business, 84(5), 313-317. https://doi.org/10.3200/JOEB.84.5.313-317

Patari, S., Arminen, H., Albareda, L., Puumalainen, K., & Toppinen, A. (2017). Student values and perceptions of corporate social responsibility in the forest industry on the road to a bioeconomy. Forest Policy and Economics, 85, 201-215. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.forpol.2017.10.009

Poulton, E., & Barnes, L. (2012). Corporate social responsibility: An examination of business students’ perceptions of spirituality. International Review of Business Research Papers, 8(4), 144-156.

Rahman, A. A., Castka, P., & Love, T. (2019). Corporate social responsibility in higher education: A study of the institutionalization of CSR in Malaysian public universities. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.1731

Rodríguez-Gómez, S., Garde-Sánchez, R., Arco-Castro, M. L., & López-Pérez, M. V. (2020). Does the use of social media tools in classrooms increase student commitment to corporate social responsibility? Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 36-90. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.589250

Sánchez-Hernández, M. I., & Mainardes, E. W. (2016). University social responsibility: A student base analysis in Brazil. International Review on Public and Nonprofit Marketing, 13(2), 151-169. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12208-016-0158-7

Sarvide, L. M., Rubio, M., & Blair, V. (2002). Una a Mirada a la Responsibilidad Social Empresarial en México. Mexico City: Espiral Consultora.

Schneider, A. (2014). Embracing ambiguity–lessons from the study of corporate social responsibility throughout the rise and decline of the modern welfare state. Business Ethics: A European Review, 23(3), 293-308. https://doi.org/10.1111/beer.12052

Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research Methods for Business: A Skill Building Approach (7th ed.). NY: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.

Sheehy, B. (2015). Defining CSR: Problems and solutions. Journal of Business Ethics, 131(3), 625-648. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-014-2281-x

Silva Junior, A. D., Martins-Silva, P. D. O., Feu, K. S., Komino, A. C., Silva, V. C. D., & Vasconcelos, K. C. D. A. (2018). Corporate social responsibility in the perspective of Brazilian management students. The inversion of the pyramid. Social Responsibility Journal, 16(1), 50-72. https://doi.org/10.1108/SRJ-01-2018-0013

Stanga, K. G., & Turpen, R. A. (1991). Ethical judgements on selected accounting issues: An empirical study. Journal of Business Ethics, 10(10), 739-747. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00705708

Tanner, J., & Cudd, M. (1999). Finance degree programs and the issue of student preparedness. Journal of Education for Business, 74(6), 335-340. https://doi.org/10.1080/08832329909601707

Teixeira, A., Ferreira, M. R., Correia, A., & Lima, V. (2018). Students’ perceptions of corporate social responsibility: Evidence from a Portuguese higher education institution. International Review on Public and Nonprofit Marketing, 15(2), 235-252. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12208-018-0199-1

Tormo-Carbo, G., Oltra, V., Klimkiewicz, K., & Segui-Mas, E. (2019). “Don’t try to teach me, I got nothing to learn”: Management students’ perceptions of business ethics teaching. Business Ethics: A European Review, 28(4), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1111/beer.12236

Tormo-Carbo, G., Oltra, V., Segui-Mas, E., & Klimkiewicz, K. (2016). How effective are business ethics/CSR courses in higher education? Procedia- Social and Behavioral Sciences, 228, 567-574.

Ugwuozor, F. O. (2020). Students’ perception of corporate social responsibility: Analyzing the influence of gender, academic status, and exposure to business ethic education. Business Ethics: A European Review, 00, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1111/beer.12306

Vázquez, J. L., Lanero, A., & Licandro, O. (2013), Corporate social responsibility and higher education: Uruguay university students’ perceptions. Economics and Society, 6(2), 145-157. https://doi.org/10.14254/2071-789X.2013/6-2/13

Verma, P., & Singh, A. (2016). The impact of religiosity upon managers’ CSR orientation: An empirical study in the Indian perspective. International Journal of Indian Culture and Business Management, 12(4), 407-424.

Walker, R., Kanellopoulos, C., Papanayiotou, M., & Vitalis, A. (2003). An investigation of CSR orientations among Greek university students. European Research Studies, 4(1-2), 44-58.

Wang, L. C., & Calvano. L. (2015) Is business ethics education effective? An analysis of gender, personal ethical perspectives, and moral judgment. Journal of Business Ethics, 126, 591-602. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-013-1973-y

Weeks, W. A., Moore, C.W., McKinney, J. A., & Longenecker, J. G. (1999). The effects of gender and career stage on ethical judgment. Journal of Business Ethics, 20(4), 301-313. https://doi.org/10/1023/A:1005955501120

Welford, R. (2005). Corporate social responsibility in Europe, North America, and Asia: 2004 survey of results. Journal of Corporate Citizenship, 17(Spring), 33-52. https://doi.org/10.9774/GLEAF.4700.2004.sp.00007

Weyzig, F. (2006). Local and global dimensions of corporate social responsibility in Mexico. Journal of Corporate Citizenship, 24, 69-81. https://doi.org/10.9774/GLEAF.4700.2006.wi.00008

Wong, A., Long, F., & Elankumaran, S. (2010). Business students’ perception of corporate social responsibility: The United States, China, and India. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 17, 299-310. https://doi.org/10.1002/csr.216

Zizka, L. (2017). Student perceptions of ethics, CSR, and sustainability (ECSRS) in hospitality management education. Journal of Teaching in Travel and Tourism, 17(4), 254-268. https://doi.org/10.1080/15313220.2017.1399497

Downloads

Published

2023-07-26

How to Cite

Franco, A. (2023). Differences in Corporate Social Responsibility Sensitivity Between Business and STEM Students. AU-HIU International Multidisciplinary Journal, 3(2), 1-15. Retrieved from http://www.assumptionjournal.au.edu/index.php/auhiu/article/view/7295