A Study of the Effect of Leadership Style towards Organizational Culture on Job Satisfaction and Employee Performance in Bangkok
Keywords:
Leadership Style, Organizational Culture, Job Satisfaction, Employee PerformanceAbstract
This study endeavors to explore the intricate interplay among leadership style, organizational culture, job satisfaction, and employee performance within the organizational landscape of Bangkok, Thailand. Employing a single linear regression (SLR) methodology and a blend of primary and secondary data collection techniques, the research delves into the factors influencing leadership style in the unique context of Bangkok. The investigation adopts an archival study approach, involving 395 respondents with a minimum of six months of work experience in diverse companies or organizations. To enrich the study, five theoretical frameworks from prior research are integrated to formulate a new conceptual framework. The findings underscore significant correlations between the variables under examination, revealing that leadership style significantly influences organizational culture, job satisfaction, and employee performance. Furthermore, the study unveils the pivotal role of organizational culture in shaping both employee performance and job satisfaction. While offering valuable insights, this research is not without limitations. It focuses exclusively on the impact of leadership style on organizational culture, job satisfaction, and employee performance in Bangkok, potentially constrained by time and budgetary restrictions. The study's scope is confined to the city of Bangkok, with data derived from a sample of 395 respondents, potentially limiting its generalizability to the entire Thai population or applicability to different countries and time frames. Nevertheless, this research contributes a comprehensive and innovative framework for comprehending the dynamics of leadership style, organizational culture, job satisfaction, and employee performance within the specific organizational context in Bangkok.
References
Abdullahi, M. S., Raman, K., & Solarin, S. A. (2021). Effect of Organizational Culture on Employee Performance: A Mediating Role of Employee Engagement in Malaysia Educational Sector. International Journal of Supply and Operations Management, 8(3), 232-246.
doi:10.22034/IJSOM.2021.3.1.
Ahmad, S. (2020). The corporate culture and employees’ performance: An overview. Journal of Management and Science, 10(3), 1-6. doi:10.26524/jms.3.1.
Asti, P., Widyaningsih, D., & Priyadi, A. (2022). Employee emotions on employee performance: The role of human character. jesya, 5(2), 2063-2076.
doi:10.36778/jesya.v5i2.787.
Awadh, A. M., & Saad, M. (2013). Impact of Organizational Culture on Employee Performance. International Review of Management and Business Research, 2, 168.
Belias, D., & Koustelios, A. (2014). Organizational Culture and Job Satisfaction: A Review. International Review of Management and Marketing, 4(2), 132-149.
https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/irmm/issue/32080/355053
Cronbach, L. J. (1951). Coefficient alpha and the internal structure of tests. Psychometrika, 16(3).
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02310555
Department of Employment. (n.d.). Thailand Decent Work Country Programme 2019-2021.
https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/---asia/---ro-bangkok/documents/publication/wcms_713808.pdf
Devie, D., Mangoting, Y., & Soengkono, M. (2019). Pengaruh leadership style TERHADAP learning organization. EKUITAS (Journal Ekonomi dan Keuangan), 2(3), 427-446. doi:10.24034/j25485024.y2018.v2.i3.3962.
Dhamija, P., Chiarini, A., & Shapla, S. (2021). Technology and leadership styles: A review of trends between 2003 and 2021. The TQM Journal, 35(1), 210-233.
doi:10.1108/tqm- 03-2021-0087.
Erlygina, E., & Abramova, Y. (2019). Organizational culture as a factor of organizational innovativeness. Bulletin of Science and Practice, 5(11), 276-279.
doi:10.33619/2414- 2948/48/31.
Farrell, M. (2018). Leadership reflections: Organizational culture. Journal of Library Administration, 58(8), 861-872. doi:10.1080/01930826.2018.1516949.
George, E. (2018). Job satisfaction and job-related stress. Psychological Empowerment and Job Satisfaction in the Banking Sector, 87-126.
doi:10.1007/978-3-319-94259-9_4.
Hajiali, I. (2022). Determination of work motivation, leadership style, employee competence on job satisfaction and employee performance. Golden Ratio of Human Resource Management, 2(1), 57-69.
doi:10.52970/grhrm.v2i1.160.
Harlianto, J., & Rudi, A. (2023). Promote employee experience for higher employee performance. International Journal of Professional Business Review, 8(3).
doi:10.26668/businessreview/2023.v8i3.827.
Himawaty, R., & Widodo, A. (2022). Peran employee engagement TERHADAP employee performance. JWM (JURNAL WAWASAN MANAJEMEN), 10(3), 167-177. doi:10.20527/jwm.v10i3.221.
Iqbal, N. (2015). Effect of Leadership Style on Employee Performance. Arabian J Bus Manag Review, 5(146). doi:10.4172/2223-5833.1000146
ISAC, N. (2021). Does Organizational Culture Influence Job Satisfaction? A Comparative Analysis of Two Multinational Companies. Review of International Comparative Management, 22(2), 138-157.
doi:10.24818/RMCI.2021.2.138.
Jaafar, S. B., Mamat Zambi, N., & Fathil, N. F. (2021). Leadership style: Is it autocratic, democratic or laissez-faire?. ASEAN Journal of Management and Business Studies, 3(1), 1-7. doi:10.26666/rmp.ajmbs.2021.1.1.
Janicijevic, N., Nikcevic, G., & Vasic, V. (2018). The influence of organizational culture on job satisfaction. Ekonomski anali, 63(219), 83-114. doi:10.2298/eka1819083j.
Kasemsap, K. (2017). The significance of job satisfaction in modern organizations. Handbook of Research on Human Factors in Contemporary Workforce Development, 181-200. doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-2568-4.ch008.
Krejcie, R. V., & Morgan, D. W. (1970). Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 30(3), 607-610.
https://doi.org/10.1177/001316447003000308
Liu, X., Wang, X., & Chen, X. (2020). The relationship between transformational leadership, organizational culture, job satisfaction, and employee performance: A moderated mediation model. Journal of Business Research, 116, 411-422.
Mahmood, A. (2018). A study of relationship between leadership style and job satisfaction. Journal of research in social science, 2305-6533
Nold, H., & Michel, L. (2021). Organizational culture: A systems approach. Accounting and Finance Innovations. doi:10.5772/intechopen.97466.
Nuangjamnong, C. (2022). The COVID-19 Epidemic with Employees’ Job Satisfaction and Performance on Work From Home during Lockdown in Bangkok. Psychology and Education, 59(1), 416-436.
http://psychologyandeducation.net/pae/index.php/pae/article/view/7194/5845
Ogbonna, E., & Harris, L. C. (2000). Leadership style, organizational culture and performance: Empirical evidence from UK companies. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 11(4), 766-788. doi:10.1080/09585190050075114.
Prakasha, G. S., & Jayamma, H. R. (2011). Review of related literature on job satisfaction. Indian Journal of Applied Research, 1(2), 32-33.
doi:10.15373/2249555x/nov2011/10.
Pratama, A. S. (2022). Literature review the effect of leadership style and work culture on job satisfaction and performance. Dinasti International Journal of Education Management and Social Science, 3(5), 743-753.
https://doi.org/10.31933/dijemss.v3i5.1281
Rahmat, R., Ramly, M., Mallongi, S., & Kalla, R. (2019). The Leadership Style Effect on The Job Satisfaction and The Performance. Asia Pacific Journal of Management and Education, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.32535/apjme.v2i1.376
Ratnasari, S. L., Sutjahjo, G., & Adam, A. (2020). The effect of job satisfaction, organizational culture, and leadership on employee performance. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 23(13).
doi:10.36295/asro.2020.231329.
Rodprayoon, N., & Nuangjamnong, C. (2014). The Needs of Job Characteristics in ICT Support for Private Business Sectors in Thailand. Journal of Social Research, 3(2), 94-103. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3658-2
Sakiru, O. K., Alby, J. L. D., Othman, J., Silong, A. D., & Busayo, A. T. (2013). Leadership Styles and Job Satisfaction among Employees in Small and Medium Enterprises. International Journal of Business and Management, 8(13).
https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v8n13p34
Sebayang, S., & Lestario, F. (2021). An investigation of employee performance in state-owned enterprises. Department of Management. doi:10.36713/epra1013.
Setyaningrum, R. P. (2017). Relationship between servant leadership in organizational culture, organizational commitment, organizational citizenship behaviour and customer satisfaction. EUROPEAN RESEARCH STUDIES JOURNAL, 554-569. doi:10.35808/ersj/728.
Sulantara, I. M. (2020). The effect of leadership style and competence on employee performance’, European Journal of Business and Management Research, 5(5). doi:10.24018/ejbmr.2020.5.5.494.
Szczepańska-Woszczyna, K. (2015). Leadership and organizational culture as the normative influence of top management on employee’s behaviour in the innovation process. Procedia Economics and Finance, 34, 396-402. doi:10.1016/s2212-5671(15)01646-9.
Tarvid, A. (2016). Job satisfaction as a unified mechanism for agent behaviour in a labour market with referral hiring’, International Journal of Computational Economics and Econometrics, 6(3), 213. doi:10.1504/ijcee.2016.077241.
Tianingrum, A. S. (2021). Effect of leadership and organizational culture on employee performance. APTISI Transactions on Management (ATM), 6(2), 158-166. doi:10.33050/atm.v6i2.1746.
Wang, C., & Nuangjamnong, C. (2022). The Effecting Factors of Personality Trait and Shopping Attribute on Purchase Intention: A Case Study of PinDuoDuoe-Commerce in China. The Journal of Social Sciences Studies and Research, 2(4), 156-174.
http://tjsssr.com/index.php/tjsssr/article/view/52
Yuan, C.-K., & Lee, C.-Y. (2011). Exploration of a construct model linking leadership types, organization culture, employee’s performance and leadership performance. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 25, 123-136. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.534.
Zhao, W., & Nuangjamnong, C. (2023). The Effects of Work-family Conflict, Emotional Exhaustion, Job Performance on Job Satisfaction and (Emotional) Affective Commitment among Small Business in China. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention, 10(1), 7660-7685.
https://doi.org/10.18535/ijsshi/v10i01.10
Zhao, X., Liu, M., & Wang, L. (2021). The impact of organizational culture on job satisfaction and employee performance: A cross-cultural study of China and the United States. International Journal of Cross-Cultural Management, 21(1), 63-85.
