An Evaluation of the Relationships between Psychological Climate and the Styles of Cognitive Preference and Manifest Ideas

Authors

  • Ray Clapp, PhD Visiting Professor, University of Hertfordshire, UK Research Fellow, Occupational Research Centre, UK
  • Vorapot Ruckhtum, PhD Full time Lecturer Graduate School of Business Assumption University of Thailand

Keywords:

Psychological Climate, Cognitive Style, Manifest Ideas

Abstract

Abstract

This study challenges the assumption that the bipolar characteristics of adaption and innovation associated with individual cognitive style preferences directly characterise the content of manifest ideas and in turn the characteristics of organisational change.  The findings show psychological climate (in support of the organisational change process) used in this study is significantly related to ideas with adaptive characteristics, but less so to those with innovative characteristics.  Furthermore, cognitive style is significantly related to the characteristics of innovative ideas but much less so to adaptive ideas. These two relationships show how the bi-polar characteristics of the Adaptive -Innovative continuum fits with the two characteristics of the manifest ideas where the latter appears as independent.  However, while cognitive style and psychological climate have significant relationships with both styles of ideas, climate dominates for ideas with adaptive characteristics, and cognitive style dominates for ideas with innovative characteristics.  The lack of a relationship between psychological climate and cognitive style suggests that psychological climate and cognitive style can be considered as independent predictors of adaptive and innovative idea characteristics respectively.

 

Keywords:  cognitive style, manifest ideas, psychological climate

References

References

Amabile, T. M. (1996). Creativity in Context. Westview Press. Colorado, USA.

Arnold, R. D. & Wade, J. P. (2015). A Definition of Systems Thinking: A Systems Approach. Procedia Computer Science. 44, 669-678. Elsevier, B. V.

Basadur, M. & Finkbeiner, C.T. (1985). Measuring Preference for Ideation in Creative Problem-Solving Training. Journal of Applied Behavioural Science. 21, 37-49.

Bass, B. M. (1998). Transformational leadership: Individual, Military and Educational impact: Erlbaum N. J. USA.

Cattell, R. B. (1966). The Meaning and Strategic Use of Factor Analysis. In Cattell, R. B. (Ed) Handbook of Multivariate Experimental Psychology. Rand & McNally, Chicago, USA.

Clapp, R. G. (1991). The fate of Ideas that Stimulate Change in Large Organisations. PhD Thesis. University of Hertfordshire, UK.

Clapp, R. G. (1993). The Stability of Cognitive Style in Adults: A longitudinal study of the KAI. Psychological Reports. 73, 1235-1245.

Clapp, R. G. (2014). The Creativity Continuum and some Organisational Implications.

ABAC, ODI Journal Vision, Action, Outcome. Volume 1, Issue 1. Thailand.

Clapp, R.G. & de Ciantis, S.M. (1989). Adaption-Innovation in Large Organizations: Does Cognitive Style Characterize Actual Behavior of Employees at Work? An exploratory study. Psychological Reports. 65, 503-513.

Clapp, R. G. & Ruckthum, V. (2016). Using Large Scale Individual Creativity to Improve Organisational Efficiency. ABAC, ODI Journal Vision, Action, Outcome. Volume 3, Issue 2. Thailand.

Clarke, S. (2010). An Integrative Model of Safety Climate: linking Psychological Climate and Work Attitudes to Individual Safety Outcomes using Meta-Analysis. Journal of Occupational and Organisational Psychology. 83(3), 553-578.

Costa, P. T. & McCrae, R. R. (1992). NEO-PI Professional Manual. Psychological Assessment Resources. FL USA.

Delbecq, A. L. & Mills, P. K. (1985). Managerial Practises that Enhance Innovation. Organisational Dynamics. 14, 24-34.

Drucker, P. F. (1969). Management's New Role. Harvard Business Review. (47), 6, 49-54.

Eckvall, G., Arvonen, J. & Waldenstrom-Lindblad, I. (1983) Creative Organisational Climate: Construction and Validation of a Measuring Instrument (Report 2) Swedish Council for Management and Organisational Behaviour Stockholm, Sweden.

Forehand, G. A. & Gilmer, B. (1964). Environmental Variations in Studies of Organisational Climate. Psychological Bulletin. 6, 163-182.

Gryskiewicz, S. S. (1999). Positive Turbulence: Developing Climates for Creativity.

Innovation and Renewal. Wiley & Sons Ltd. UK.

Hage, J. (1980). Theories of Organisations. Wiley, NY.

Hemlin, S., Allwood, C., Martin, B. & Mumford, M. (2013). In Hemlin, S. et al (Eds) Creativity and Leadership in Science Technology and Innovation. Routledge. USA.

Hochstein, S. & Ahissar, M. (2002). View From the Top: Hierarchies and Reverse Hierarchies in the Visual System. Neuron. Vol 36, 791-804. Cell Press.

Hofstede, G. (1982). Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Work-Related Values, Beverly Hills, CA: Sage Publications.

James, L.R. (1982). Aggregation Bias in Estimates of Perceptual Agreement. Journal of Applied Psychology. 67, 219-229.

Katz, D. & Kahn, R. L. (1978) Social Psychology of Organisations. Wiley. NY, USA.

Kelly, G. A. (1963). A Theory of Personality: The Psychology of Personal Constructs.

N. W. Norton Ltd. London, UK.

Kirton, M. J. (1976). Adaptors and Innovators: A description and measure.

Journal of Applied Psychology. 61(5), 622-629.

Kirton, M. J. (2005). Kirton Adaption Innovation Inventory (Kai) Manual. 3rd Edition.

KAI Distribution Centre, U.K. (reprinted with amendments).

Kirton, M. J. (2011). Adaption-Innovation in the Context of Diversity and Change.

Routledge. East Sussex UK.

Kirton, M. J. & McCarthy, R. (1985), Cognitive Climate and Organisations.

Journal of Occupational Psychology. 61, 175-184.

Lewin, K. (1952). Field Theory of Social Science Cartwright, D. (Ed) Tavistock. London, UK.

Litwin, G. & Stringer, R. (1968). Motivation and Organisational Climate. Harvard University Press. Boston, MA, USA.

March, J. G. & Simon, H. A. (1958). Organisations. Wiley. NY.

Murray, H. A. (1938). Explorations in Personality: A Clinical and Experimental Study of Fifty Men of College Age by the Workers at the Harvard Psychological Clinic. Oxford University Press.

Myers, I. B. & McCauley, M. H. (1985) A Guide to the Development and Use of the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. Consulting Psychologists Press. CA, USA.

Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric Theory. McGraw-Hill. NY, USA.

Payne, R. L. & Pugh, D. S. (1976). Organisational Structure and Climate: In Dunnette, M. D. (Ed) Handbook of Industrial and Organisational Psychology. Rand & McNally. Chicago, USA.

Pink, D. H. (2009). Drive - The Surprising Truth About What Motivates Us. Cannon Gate Books Ltd. Scotland, UK.

Poljac, E., de-Wit, L. & Wagemans, J. (2012). Perceptual Wholes can reduce the Conscious Accessibility of their Parts. Cognition. 123, 308-312. Elsevier B.V.

Richmond, B. (2001). An Introduction to Systems Thinking. High Performance Systems Inc. NH, USA.

Rickards, T. (1988) Creativity and Problem-Solving at Work. Gower Publishing Ltd UK.

Schneider, B. (1975). Organisational Climates: An Essay. Personnel Psychology. 28, 447-479.

Schneider, B. (1987). People make the Place. Personnel Psychology. 40, 437-453.

Stacey, R. D. Griffin, D. & Shaw, P. (2000). Complexity and Management. Routledge.

London, UK.

Sterman, J. D. (2000). Business Dynamics: System Thinking and Modelling for a Complex World. McCraw-Hill Inc. USA.

Swartz, S. H. (1999). A theory of Cultural Values and Some Implications for Work.

Applied Psychology: An International Review. 48, (1), 23-47.

Tefft, M. E. (1990). A Factor Analysis of TTCT, MBTI and KAI The Creative Level/Style Issue Re-Examined. MS Thesis. SUNYC. Buffalo, USA.

Van De Ven, A. & Ferry, D. (1980). Measuring and Assessing Organisations. Wiley. NY, USA.

Van Gundy, A. B. (1987). Organisational Creativity and Innovation. In Isaksen, S. C. (Ed) Frontiers of Creativity Research. Bearly, NY.

Von Wittich, D. & Antonakis, J. (2011). The KAI Cognitive Style Inventory: Was it Personality All Along? Personality and Individual Differences. 50(7), 1044-1049.

Watts, D. J. (2004). Six Degrees: The Science of a Connected Age. Vintage Books. London, UK.

Zohar, D. (1980). Safety Climate in Industrial Organisations Theoretical and Applied

Downloads

Published

2017-08-21

How to Cite

Clapp, PhD, R., & Ruckhtum, PhD, V. (2017). An Evaluation of the Relationships between Psychological Climate and the Styles of Cognitive Preference and Manifest Ideas. ABAC ODI JOURNAL Vision. Action. Outcome, 4(2), 71. Retrieved from http://www.assumptionjournal.au.edu/index.php/odijournal/article/view/2688