Analysis of Attitudinal Resources in an EFL University Classroom Talk in the Deep South of Thailand: An Appraisal Perspective
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Abstract
This study presents the analysis of a sample of a classroom discourse from an English language for communication and learning class in a Thai university in the southernmost Thailand. The analysis of resources in this paper is based on the Appraisal theory (Martin, 1992; 2000; Martin & Rose, 2003; Martin & White, 2005). The Appraisal theory was developed from the Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) theory originated by Michael Halliday (Halliday, 1994; Halliday & Matthiessen, 2004; Thompson, 2014). The objective of this study is to investigate the linguistic resources within the classroom talk, especially while the teacher and students are interacting and expressing their attitudinal meanings. The participants in the study were a Muslim male teacher and 32 undergraduates. The data were taken from classroom recordings of the discourse, and transcription of the same discourse. This paper used functional analysis taken from the Attitude system of the Appraisal theory which provides three types of attitudes (affect, judgement, and appreciation). The findings show that the teacher and students expressed all three kinds of attitudes, judgement, appreciation, and affect and they expressed positive rather than negative attitudes which conform to the literature and the appraisal framework. This indicates that using the framework works well in some degree to analyze the context of the classroom talk which leads to better understanding and how we apply it to the context of language teaching and learning development by ways of critical classroom discourse. The analysis also illustrates how the classroom relationships between the teacher and students are constructed. The study provides and suggests some insights into how the Appraisal theory plays out in the sample of classroom discourse and its implications.
Keywords: Appraisal, Deep South of Thailand, Systemic Functional Linguistics, Thai EIL Classroom Talk
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