Customer Loyalty in the Retail Industry in Yangon, Myanmar

Authors

  • Myo Min
  • Nopphon Tangjitprom

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14456/shserj.2023.23
CITATION
DOI: 10.14456/shserj.2023.23
Published: 2023-06-09

Keywords:

Product Quality, Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction, Trust , Loyalty

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to investigate the factors impacting customer loyalty in the retail industry in Yangon, Myanmar. The study identified the relationship among product innovation, service quality, product quality, customer satisfaction,  trust, communication, and customer loyalty. Research design, data, and methodology: A total of 491 respondents were used to collect the data via online and offline questionnaire. The sampling procedure involves judgmental, convenience and snowball sampling. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was used to test factor loading, composite reliability, average variance extracted, Cronbachs alpha, validities and goodness of fit. Additionally, the hypothesis testing results were produced by Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Results: The result shows that service quality and product quality have a significant relationship on satisfaction. Furthermore, the relationship among satisfaction, trust and loyalty are significantly supported. For second order, there are causal relationship among semi/uncontrolled communication and its elements which are word-of-mouth, public relations, media relations, and social media marketing. Nevertheless, product innovation has no significant impact on satisfaction. Conclusion: Products itself and semi-uncontrolled communication are vital points to get customer loyalty in the long run through satisfaction and trust. Thus, organizations and marketers need to focus on a competitive edge to gain sustainability in customer loyalty.

Author Biographies

Myo Min

PhD Candidate in Innovative Technology Management Candidate, Graduate School of Business and Advanced Technology Management, Assumption University, Thailand.

Nopphon Tangjitprom

College of Innovation, Thammasat University, Thailand

References

Alden, D., Basil, M. D., & Deshpande, S. (2011). Communications in social marketing. In G. Hastings, C. Bryant & K. Angus (Eds.), The Sage handbook of social marketing (pp. 167–177). Sage.

Al-Hawari, M. (2014). How the personality of retail bank customers interferes with the relationship between service quality and loyalty. International Journal of Bank Marketing. 23(1), 41-57. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJBM-09-2013-0096

Aurier, P., & N’Goala, G. (2010). The Differing and Mediating Roles of Trust and Relationship Commitment in Service Relationship Maintenance and Development. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 38(3), 303-325.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-009-0163-z

Ball, D., Coelho, P. S., & Vilares, M. J. (2006). Service personalization and loyalty. Journal of service Marketing, 6(6), 391-403.

Balmer, J. M. T. (2001). Corporate identity, corporate branding and corporate marketing ‐ Seeing through the fog". European Journal of Marketing, 35(3/4), 248-291. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090560110694763

Bentler, P. M., & Bonett, D. G. (1980). Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin, 88(3), 588-606. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.88.3.588

Bitner, M. (1990). Evaluating service encounters; the effects of physical surroundings and employee responses. Journal of Marketing, 54(4), 69-82.

Buttle, F. (1997). I heard it through the grapevine: issues in referral marketing (1st ed.). Cranfield University.

Castaldo, S., Premazzi, K., & Zerbini, F. (2010). The Meaning(s) of Trust. A Content Analysis on the Diverse Conceptualizations of Trust in Scholarly Research on Business Relationships. Journal of Business Ethics, 96(4), 657-668.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-010-0491-4

Čater, T., & Čater, B. (2010). Product and relationship quality influence on customer commitment and loyalty in B2B manufacturing relationships. Industrial Marketing Management, 39(8), 1321-1333.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2010.02.006

Cooper, D., & Schindler, P. (2011). Business Research Methods. (11th ed.). McGraw Hill.

Cultip, S. M., Center, A. H., & Broom, G. M. (1985). Effective Public Relations (1st ed.). Prentice-Hall.

Dimitriades, Z. S. (2006). Customer satisfaction, loyalty and commitment in service organizations: Some evidence from Greece. Management Research News, 29(12), 782-800. https://doi.org/10.1108/01409170610717817

El-Manstrly, D., Paton, R., Veloutsou, C., & Moutinho, L. (2011). An empirical investigation of the relative effect of trust and switching costs on service loyalty in the UK retail banking industry. Journal of Financial Services Marketing, 16(2), 101-110.

Fornell, C. D., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating Structural Equation models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18, 39-50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3151312

Fraering, M., & Minor, M. (2013). Beyond loyalty: customer satisfaction, loyalty, and furniture. Journal of Services Marketing, 27(4), 334-344.

Ganguli, S., & Roy, S. K. (2011). Generic technology-based service quality dimensions in banking: impact on customer satisfaction and loyalty. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 29(2), 168-189.

Garvin, D. A. (1987). Competing in the Eight Dimensions of Quality. Harvard Business Review, 87, 101-109.

Gelb, S., Calabrese, L., & Tang, X. (2017). Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Transformation in Myanmar. Supporting Economic Transformation.

Ghelber, A. (2019, December 27). What Is Product Innovation and why is it so important for brands (2020). Revuze. https://www.revuze.it/blog/what-is-product-innovation

Guenzi, P., Johnson, M. D., & Castaldo, S. (2009). A comprehensive model of customer trust in two retail stores. Journal of Service Management, 20(3), 290-316. https://doi.org/10.1108/09564230910964408

Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate Data Analysis (7th ed.). Pearson.

Hair, J., Black, W., Babin, B., Anderson, R., & Tatham, R. (2006). Multivariate Data Analysis (6th ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall.

Hanayshaa, J., & Hilmanb, H. (2015). Product innovation as a key success factor to build sustainable brand equity. Management Science Letters, 5(6), 567-576.

Hardaker, D. S. (2018). The Emerging Retail Market in Myanmar Perspective of Foreign Retailers’ Market Entry Decisions. International Business Research, 11(1), 19-27.

Hewett, T., Paterno, M., & Myer, G. (2002). Strategies for Enhancing Proprioception and Neuromuscular Control of the Knee. Clinical orthopaedics and related research, 402, 76-94. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003086-200209000-00008

Javier, A., Torres, S., & Arroyo-Cañada, F. J. (2017). Building brand loyalty in ecommerce of fashion lingerie. Journal of Fashion Marketing and Management: An International Journal, 21(1), 103-114.

Johnson, D., & Grayson, K. (2005). Cognitive and affective trust in service relationships. Journal of Business Research, 58(4), 500-507.

Jöreskog, K. G. (1969). A general approach to confirmatory maximum likelihood factor analysis. Psychometrika, 34(2), 183-202. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02289343

Kanstsperger, R., & Kunz, W. (2010). Consumer trust in service companies: a multiple mediating analysis. Managing Service Quality, 20(1), 4-25.

Kassim, N. M., & Abdullah, N. A. (2008). Customer loyalty in e-commerce setting: an emperical study. Europeon Journal of Marketing, 18(3), 275-290.

Kaura, V., & Datta, S. K. (2012). Impact of service quality on satisfaction in the Indian banking sector. The IUP Journal of Marketing Management, 11(3), 38-47.

Kitchen, P. J., & Burgmann, I. (2017). IMC antecedents and the consequences of planned brand identity in higher education. European Journal of Marketing, 51(3), 1-10.

Lam, R. (2006). SME banking loyalty (and disloyalty): a qualitative study in Hong Kong. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 21(1), 37-52.

Low, G. (2000). Correlates of integrated marketing communications. Journal of Advertising Research, 40(3), 27-39.

Ogula, P. A. (2005). Research methods. Nairobi: Catholic University of Eastern Africa Publications (1st ed.). Catholic University of Eastern Africa Publications.

Palacio, M. A., & Martín-Santana, J., & Quintana Déniz, A. (2004). A model of customer loyalty in the retail banking market. European Journal of Marketing, 38(1/2), 253-275. https://doi.org/10.1108/03090560410511221

Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, E. V., & Berry, L. L. (1988). SERVQUAL: a multiple items scale for measuring customers perception of service quality. Journal of Retailing, 64(1), 12-23.

Porter, M. (2008). The five competitive forces that shape strategy. Havard Business Review, 86(1), 78-94.

Reisenwitz, T., & Iyer, R., Kuhlmeier, D., & Eastman, J. (2007). The elderly's internet usage: An updated look. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 24(7), 406-418. https://doi.org/10.1108/07363760710834825

Schermelleh-Engel, K. M. (2003). Evaluating the fit of structural equation models: Tests of significance and descriptive goodness-of-fit measures. Methods of Psychological Research online, 8(2), 23-74.

Segars, A., & Grover, V. (1993). Re-Examining Perceived Ease of Use and Usefulness: A Confirmatory Factor Analysis. MIS Quarterly, 17(4), 517-525. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/249590

Sharma, D. F. (2016). Production Management (1st ed.). SBPD Publication.

Singh, J., & Pandya, S. (1991). Exploring the effect of consumers' dissatisfaction level on complaint behaviors. European Journal of Marketing, 25(90), 7‐21.

Sirdeshmukh, D., Singh, J., & Sabol, B. (2002). Consumer Trust, Value, and Loyalty in Relational Exchanges. The Journal of Marketing, 66(1), 15-37. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.66.1.15.18449

Snoj, B., Pisnik, A., & Mumel, D. (2004). The relationships among perceived quality, perceived risk and perceived product value. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 13(3), 156-167. https://doi.org/10.1108/10610420410538050

Sureshchandar, G. S., Rajendran, C., & Anantharaman, R. N. (2002). The realtionship between management's perception of total quality service and customer's perception of service quality. Total Quality Management, 13(1), 69-88.

Trif, S. M. (2013). The influence of overall satisfaction and trust on customer loyalty. Management and Marketing, 8(1), 109-128.

Tweephoncharoen, J., & Vongurai, R. (2020). The factors influencing on purchase intention of Thai and Chinese customers towards the hotel industry in Bangkok, Thailand. AU-GSB E-JOURNAL, 12(2), 35-39.

Van Rekom, J. (1997). Deriving an operational measure of corporate identity. European Journal of Marketing, 31(5/6), 410-421.

Wah Yap, B., Ramayah, T., & Nushazelin Wan Shahidan, W. (2012). Satisfaction and trust on customer loyalty: a PLS approach. Business Strategy Series, 13(4), 154-167. https://doi.org/10.1108/17515631211246221

Westbrook, R. A., & Oliver, R. L. (1991). The dimensionality of consumption emotion patterns and Consumer Satisfaction. Journal of Consumer Research,18(1), 89-91.

Zhenxiang, W., & Lijie, Z. (2011). Case study of online retailing fast fashion industry. International Journal of e-Education, e-Business, e-Management and e-Learning, 1(3),195-200

Downloads

Published

2023-06-09

How to Cite

Min, M., & Tangjitprom, N. . (2023). Customer Loyalty in the Retail Industry in Yangon, Myanmar. Scholar: Human Sciences, 15(1), 221-230. https://doi.org/10.14456/shserj.2023.23