Development of A Non-formal Education Program Based on Problem-based Learning and Self-directed Learning to Develop Personal Mastery Competency for Head Nurses
Keywords:
Non-Formal Education Program, Problem-Based Learning, Self-Directed Learning, Personal Mastery, Head NursesAbstract
The paper dealt with the design of a non-formal education program for developing head nurses’ personal mastery based on problem-based learning (PBL) and self-directed learning (SDL),with the following purposes: (i) to study the problems and learning needs in nursing management in order to develop personal mastery of the head nurses, (ii) to develop a non-formal education program based on PBL and SDL, (iii) to study the effects of the non-formal education program on the personal mastery of the head nurses, and (iv) to analyze the relevant factors of the program. The program in divided into four phases: (1) learning need assessment; in which the studies of 345 head nurses of the public hospitals were employed to assess learning needs in nursing management, (2) program development; in which development of a non-formal education program based on need assessment was conducted, (3) program implementation; in which the developed program was applied to 31 head nurses, compare with the control group of 31 head nurses using classroom lecture, and (4) factor analysis; in which data were analyzed to obtain relevant factors and suggestions.
The research results could be summarized as follows: The head nurses’ problems were identified as nursing management; planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling. The program, developed on the bases of the foregoing problems, was found statistically at 95% confidence level to improve the head nurses’ competency in the personal mastery, consisting of knowledge, attitude, and problem-solving skills in nursing management and self-directed learning competency. The success of the developed program depended on participation of the learners, relationship between the facilitators and learners, instructor’s experiences, instruction contents and learning activities, availability of learning resources, and peace full environment.
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