The Assessment of Students’ Learning Motivation, Perceived Learning Effectiveness, and Satisfaction Toward Blended Learning in Zhanjiang, China

Main Article Content

Faxiang Luo

Abstract

Purpose: The study aims to uncover the elements of blended learning in China that significantly impact student satisfaction. Seven variables were examined, and six hypotheses were formulated among system quality, information quality, learning motivation, perceived usefulness, perceived learning effectiveness, computer self-efficacy, and satisfaction. Research design, data, and methodology: It utilized quantitative techniques and analyzed 500 questionnaires at a normal university in Zhanjiang in Guangdong Province, China. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and a structural equation model (SEM) were employed for hypothesis testing. Results: Findings reveal that system quality significantly influences satisfaction in blended learning. Information quality enhances students' perception of blended learning. Learning motivation significantly impacts satisfaction. Perceived usefulness significantly drives students' motivation to participate in blended learning. Additionally, perceived learning effectiveness positively affects satisfaction. Furthermore, computer self-efficacy is closely associated with students' perceived learning effectiveness in blended learning. Conclusions: The findings of this research shed light on essential factors that significantly influence student satisfaction in blended learning. Prioritizing system and information quality, learning motivation, perceived usefulness, perceived learning effectiveness, and computer self-efficacy can improve students' satisfaction and overall success in blended learning environments. This study highlights the significance of students' learning motivation and satisfaction in the era of Internet + education.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Article Details

How to Cite
Luo, F. (2024). The Assessment of Students’ Learning Motivation, Perceived Learning Effectiveness, and Satisfaction Toward Blended Learning in Zhanjiang, China. AU-GSB E-JOURNAL, 17(3), 153-163. https://doi.org/10.14456/augsbejr.2024.58
Section
Articles
Author Biography

Faxiang Luo

Zhanjiang Preschool Teachers College, Guangdong Province, China.

References

Al-Fraihat, D., Joy, M., & Sinclair, J. (2020). Evaluating E-learning systems success: An empirical study. Computers in Human Behavior, 102, 67-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.08.004

Al-Mamary, Y. H., & Shamsuddin, A. (2015). Testing of the technology acceptance model in context of yemen. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences, 6(4), 268-273. https://doi.org/10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n4s1p268

Awang, Z. (2012). Structural equation modeling using AMOS graphic (1st ed.). Penerbit Universiti Teknologi MARA

Barnard-Brak, L., Lan, W., To, Y., Paton, V., & Lai, S.-L. (2009). Measuring self-regulation in online and blended learning environments. The Internet and Higher Education, 12(1), 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2008.10.005

Bentler, P. M. (1990). Comparative fit indexes in structural models. Psychological Bulletin, 107(2), 238–246. https://doi.org/10. 1037/0033-2909.107.2.238

Buabeng-Andoh, C. (2018). Predicting students’ intention to adopt mobile learning: A combination of theory of reasoned action and technology acceptance model. Journal of Research in Innovative Teaching & Learning, 11(2), 178–191. https://doi.org/10. 1108/JRIT- 03-2017-0004.

Byrne, B. M. (2016). Structural equation modeling with AMOS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming (3rd ed.). Routledge.

Chen, Y. F., Wu, F., Li, P. L., Lyu, Z. Q., Liu, L., Lyu, M. B., Wang, F. L., & Lai, C. H. (2016). Energy content and amino acid digestibility of flaxseed expellers fed to growing pigs. Journal of Animal Science, 94(12), 5295-5307. https://doi.org/10.2527/jas.2016-0578

Clark, V. L. P., & Ivankova, N. V. (2016). Mixed methods research: A guide to the field. Sage Publications.

Dikko, M. (2016). Establishing construct validity and reliability: Pilot testing of a qualitative interview for research in Takaful (Islamic insurance). The qualitative report, 21(3), 521-528. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2016.2243

Farid, S., Ahmad, R., Alam, M., Akbar, A., & Chang, V. (2018). A sustainable quality assessment model for the information delivery in E-learning systems. Information Discovery and Delivery, 46(1), 1–25. https://doi.org/10.1108/idd-11-2016-0047

Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error: Algebra and statistics. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(3), 382-388.

Francis, R., & Shannon, S. J. (2013). Engaging with blended learning to improve students’ learning outcomes. European Journal of Engineering Education, 38(4), 359-369. https://doi.org/10.1080/03043797.2013.766679

Glynn, S. M., Aultman, L. P., & Owens, A. M. (2005). Motivation to learn in general education programs. The Journal of General Education, 54(2), 150–170. https://doi.org/10.1353/jge.2005.0021

Graham, C. R. (2006). Blended learning systems: Definition, current trends, and future directions. In C. J. Bonk & C. R. Graham (Eds.), Handbook of blended learning: Global perspectives, local designs (pp. 3–21). Pfeiffer Publishing.

Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2013). Partial least squares structural equation modeling: Rigorous applications, better results and higher acceptance. Long Range Planning: International Journal of Strategic Management, 46(1-2), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2013.01.001

Hu, P. J. H., Hui, W., Clark, T. H., & Tam, K. Y. (2007). Technology-assisted learning and learning style: A longitudinal field experiment. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics-Part A: Systems and Humans, 37(6), 1099–1112. https://doi.org/10.1109/tsmca.2007.904741

Huang, G. B., Zhou, H., Ding, X., & Zhang, R. (2011). Extreme learning machine for regression and multiclass classification. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B (Cybernetics), 42(2), 513-529.

Huang, Y. (2021). Antennas: from theory to practice (1st ed.). John Wiley & Sons.

Hulleman, C. S., Durik, A. M., Schweigert, S. A., & Harackiewicz, J. M. (2008). Task values, achievement goals, and interest; An integrative analysis. Journal of educational psychology, 100(2), 398-416. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.100.2.398

Jing, G., & Yoo, I. S. (2013). An empirical study on the effect of e-service quality to satisfaction. International Journal of Management Sciences and Business Research, 2(10), 25-31.

Karsten, J., Penninx, B. W., Riese, H., Ormel, J., Nolen, W. A., & Hartman, C. A. (2012). The state effect of depressive and anxiety disorders on big five personality traits. Journal of psychiatric research, 46(5), 644-650. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.01.024

Keller, J. M. (1983). Motivational design of instruction. Instructional design theories and models: An overview of their current status, 1(8), 383-434.

Klem, L. (2000). Structural equation modeling. In L. G. Grimm & P. R. Yarnold (Eds.), Reading and understanding more multivariate statistics (pp. 227–260). American Psychological Association.

Kotler, F. (1999). Marketing management: Analysis, planning, implementation, and control (9th ed.). Prentice Hall.

Kuo, M. C., & Chang, P. (2014). A total design and implementation of an intelligent mobile chemotherapy medication administration. Studies in Health Technology Informatics, 201, 441–446.

Kuo, Y. C., Walker, A. E., Belland, B. R., & Schroder, K. E. (2013). A predictive study of student satisfaction in online education programs. The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 14(1), 16–39. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v14i1.1338

Lei, F., Sun, Y., Liu, K., Gao, S., Liang, L., Pan, B., & Xie, Y. (2014). Oxygen vacancies confined in ultrathin indium oxide porous sheets for promoted visible-light water splitting. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 136(19), 6826-6829. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja501866r

Liaw, S. S., & Huang, H. M. (2013). Perceived satisfaction, perceived usefulness and interactive learning environments as predictors to self-regulation in e-learning environments. Computers & Education, 60(1), 14-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2012.07.015

López-Pérez, M. V., Pérez-López, M. C., & Rodríguez-Ariza, L. (2011). Blended learning in higher education: Students’ perceptions and their relation to outcomes. Computers & Education, 56(3), 818–826. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2010.10.023

Lovecchio, C. P., DiMattio, M. J. K., & Hudacek, S. (2015). Predictors of undergraduate nursing student satisfaction with clinical learning environment: a secondary analysis. Nursing Education Perspectives, 36(4), 252-254. https://doi.org/10.5480/13-1266

MacIntyre, P. D., & Blackie, R. A. (2012). Action control, motivated strategies, and integrative motivation as predictors of language learning affect and the intention to continue learning French. System, 40(4), 533-543. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2012.10.014

Martin, C. L. (1988). Enhancing children’s satisfaction and participation using a predictive regression model of bowling performance norms. Physical Educator, 45(4), 196–209.

McBrien, J. L., Cheng, R., & Jones, P. (2009). Virtual spaces: Employing a synchronous online classroom to facilitate student engagement in online learning. International review of research in open and distributed learning, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v10i3.605

Mirabolghasemi, M., Shasti, R., & Hosseinikhah Choshaly, S. (2021). An investigation into the determinants of blended leaning satisfaction from EFL learners’ perspective. Interactive Technology and Smart Education, 18(1), 69–84. https://doi.org/10.1108/itse-07-2020-0117

Ohliati, J., & Abbas, B. S. (2019). Measuring students’ satisfaction in using learning management system. International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Learning (Online), 14(4), 180. https://doi.org/10.3991/ijet.v14i04.9427

Pedroso, R., Zanetello, L., Guimaraes, L., Pettenon, M., Goncalves, V., Scherer, J., Kessler, F., & Pechansky, F. (2016). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) of the crack use relapse scale (CURS). Archives of Clinical Psychiatry, 43(3), 37–40. https://doi.org/10.1590/0101-60830000000081

Petter, S., DeLone, W., & McLean, E. R. (2013). Information systems success: The quest for the independent variables. Journal of management information systems, 29(4), 7-62. https://doi.org/10.2753/mis0742-1222290401

Poon, Y.-S., Lin, P. Y., & Griffiths, P. (2022). A global overview of healthcare workers’ turnover intention amid COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review with future directions. Human Resources for Health, 20(70), 1-25. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-022-00764-7

Prifti, R. (2022). Self–efficacy and student satisfaction in the context of blended learning courses. Open Learning: The Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning, 37(2), 111-125. https://doi.org/10.1080/02680513.2020.1755642

Record Trend. (2022). The 50th China Statistical Report on Internet Development. https://www.cnnic.net.cn/n4/2022/0914/c88-10226.html

Ringle, C., Wende, S., & Will, A. (2005). SmartPLS 2.0 (Beta) (1st ed.). University of Hamburg.

Rupp, D. E., Shao, R., Skarlicki, D. P., Paddock, E. L., Kim, T. Y., & Nadisic, T. (2018). Corporate social responsibility and employee engagement: The moderating role of CSR‐specific relative autonomy and individualism. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 39(5), 559-579. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.2282

Ryan, R. M., & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American psychologist, 55(1), 68.

Shankar, V., Smith, A. K., & Rangaswamy, A. (2003). Customer satisfaction and loyalty in online and offline environments. International journal of research in marketing, 20(2), 153-175. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8116(03)00016-8

Sharm, N., Jain, T., Narayan, S. S., & Kandakar, A. C. (2022, July 2). Sentiment Analysis of Amazon Smartphone Reviews Using Machine Learning & Deep Learning. In 2022 IEEE International Conference on Data Science and Information System (ICDSIS) (pp. 1-4). IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/icdsis55133.2022.9915917

Sharma, G. P., Verma, R. C., & Pathare, P. (2005). Mathematical modeling of infrared radiation thin layer drying of onion slices. Journal of Food Engineering, 71(3), 282–286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2005.02.010

Sharma, P., Hu-Lieskovan, S., Wargo, J. A., & Ribas, A. (2017). Primary, adaptive, and acquired resistance to cancer immunotherapy. Cell, 168(4), 707-723. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2017.01.017

Sharma, S., Vaidya, A., & Deepika, K. (2022). Effectiveness and satisfaction of technology‐mediated learning during global crisis: Understanding the role of pre-developed videos. On the Horizon: The International Journal of Learning Futures, 30(1), 28–43. https://doi.org/10.1108/oth-04-2021-0057

She, L., Ma, L., Jan, A., Sharif Nia, H., & Rahmatpour, P. (2021). Online learning satisfaction during COVID-19 pandemic among Chinese university students: the serial mediation model. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 743936. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.743936

Sica, C., & Ghisi, M. (2007). The Italian versions of the beck anxiety inventory and the beck depression inventory-II: Psychometric properties and discriminant power. In M.A. Lange (Ed.), Leading - edge psychological tests and testing research (pp. 27–50). Nova.

Siritongthaworn, S., Krairit, D., Dimmitt, N. J., & Paul, H. (2006). The study of e-learning technology implementation: A preliminary investigation of universities in Thailand. Education and Information Technologies, 11(2), 137-160. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11134-006-7363-8

Song, J., Migliaccio, G. C., Wang, G., & Lu, H. (2017). Exploring the influence of system quality, information quality, and external service on BIM user satisfaction. Journal of Management in Engineering, 33(6), 04017036. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)me.1943-5479.0000549

Soper, D. (2020). A priori sample size calculator for structural equation models. Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, 58(12), 1720–1733. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.20652

Soper, D. S. (2019). A-priori sample size calculator for structural equation models [Software]. www.danielsoper.com/statcalc/default.aspx

Sumsiripong, P. (2016). The impact of learning organization and competitive advantage on organizational performance in SMEs (Thailand). Journal of Public and Private Management, 25(2), 65–86.

Thurman, K. (2019). Performing Lieder, hearing race: Debating blackness, whiteness, and German identity in interwar central Europe. Journal of the American Musicological Society, 72(3), 825-865. https://doi.org/10.1525/jams.2019.72.3.825

Tratnik, A., Urh, M., & Jereb, E. (2019). Student satisfaction with an online and a face-to-face Business English course in a higher education context. Innovations in Education and Teaching International, 56(1), 36-45. https://doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2017.1374875

Wang, Y., & Beydoun, M. A. (2007). The obesity epidemic in the United States—gender, age, socioeconomic, racial/ethnic, and geographic characteristics: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis. Epidemiologic Reviews, 29(1), 6-28. https://doi.org/10.1093/epirev/mxm007

Wang, Z., Cerrate, S., Coto, C., Yan, F., & Waldroup, P. W. (2007). Use of constant or increasing levels of distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) in broiler diets. International Journal of Poultry Science, 6(7), 501-507. https://doi.org/10.3923/ijps.2007.501.507

Wanichbancha, K. (2014). Structural equation modeling (SEM) with AMOS (2nd ed.). Samlada.

Westland, C. J. (2010). Lower bounds on sample size in structural equation modeling. Electronic Commerce Research and Applications, 9(6), 476–487. https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.elerap.2010.07.003

Whillier, S., & Lystad, R. P. (2015). No differences in grades or level of satisfaction in a flipped classroom for neuroanatomy. Journal of Chiropractic Education, 29(2), 127-133. https://doi.org/10.7899/jce-14-28

Wu, J. H., & Wang, Y. M. (2006). Measuring KMS success: A respecification of the DeLone and McLean’s model. Information and Management, 43(6), 728–739. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2006.05.002

Zeng, X., & Wang, T. (2021). College student satisfaction with online learning during COVID-19: A review and implications. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Perspectives in Higher Education, 6(1), 182–195.